Which of the following can be an effect of emotional abuse on children?

Low self-esteem is a significant and common effect of emotional abuse on children. When a child is subjected to emotional abuse, they may experience negative messages about their worth and abilities from the abuser. Over time, this can lead to a persistent sense of inadequacy and self-doubt, which diminishes their confidence and can hinder their overall development.

Emotional abuse often manifests through manipulation, criticism, or neglect, damaging the child's self-perception. In contrast to healthy emotional development, which fosters resilience, confidence, and positive self-image, the impact of emotional abuse can create long-lasting harm. This is why recognizing the signs of emotional abuse and intervening early is crucial to support the child in building a healthier self-esteem and emotional well-being.